Dr Robert Butler in the year 1968 first used the term “Ageism” to describe the “systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against older people because they are old, just as racism and sexism accomplished this with skin colour and gender” (Butler, 1989, p. 139, cited by Powell, 2010). According to the research, ageism is “pervasive in media, healthcare, education and advertising” (Dennis & Thomas, 2007, cited by Powell, 2010). It is commonly portrayed as existing with sexism (Barnet, 2005; Hatch, 2005, cited by Powell, 2010).
Concerns about how perceptions of age and ageing may affect the work environment, including job satisfaction, commitment, and engagement (Bal & Kooji, 2011, cited by Macdonald & Levy, 2016), are growing as the world’s population ages and societies around the world become more youth-cantered (Nelson, 2002, 2009; WHO, 2012, cited by Macdonald & Levy, 2016).
According to Duncan & Loretto (2004), who were quoted by Macdonald & Levy (2016), the age category of older adults, which...
